Category
Cryogenic & Refrigerated Storage
Subcategory
Industrial Gas
Applicable standards
5
Issuing bodies
4
Description
Static vacuum-insulated cryogenic vessel for liquid nitrogen (≈ –196 °C).
Applicable Standards (5)
ASME — 1 standard
ASME BPVC Sec VIII Div 1
Rules for Construction of Pressure Vessels
Mandatory rules for design, fabrication, inspection, testing and certification of pressure vessels operating above 15 psig (~1 barg).
Key requirements (12)
- Applies to vessels with internal pressure > 15 psig (1.03 barg) up to ~3000 psi (Div 1 sweet spot).
- Joint efficiency E: 1.0 (full radiography), 0.85 (spot RT), 0.70 (no RT) for Type 1 butt joints.
- Shell thickness: t = P·R/(S·E – 0.6·P) for circumferential stress (UG-27).
- Head thickness: t = P·D/(2·S·E – 0.2·P) for 2:1 ellipsoidal heads (UG-32).
- Hydrostatic test pressure: 1.3 × MAWP × (S_test/S_design) — UG-99.
- Pneumatic test (when hydro impractical): 1.1 × MAWP — UG-100.
- Corrosion allowance is added to calculated thickness (not included in S formula).
- MDMT and impact testing per UCS-66 / Figure UCS-66; below the curve, Charpy V-notch impacts are required.
- PWHT thresholds per UCS-56 — generally required above 19 mm thickness for P-No. 1 carbon steels.
- Nozzle reinforcement: area replacement method (UG-37) within reinforcement zone.
- Maximum allowable stress S: from ASME II Part D, Table 1A/1B/3 — temperature dependent.
- Flanges per ASME VIII-1 Appendix 2 (or B16.5 for standard sizes).
Note: Most widely used pressure vessel code worldwide.
ASTM — 1 standard
ASTM A240 / A240M
Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate, Sheet, and Strip for Pressure Vessels
304/304L/316/316L/321/duplex stainless plate for pressure vessels.
CGA — 2 standards
CGA 341
Standard for Insulated Cargo Tank Specification for Cryogenic Liquids
Vacuum-insulated cryogenic cargo tanks (transport).
CGA P-1
Standard for Safe Handling of Compressed Gases in Containers
Safe handling and storage of compressed gas cylinders.
EN/CEN — 1 standard
EN 13458 (series)
Cryogenic vessels — Static vacuum insulated vessels
Vacuum-insulated static vessels for cryogenic gases (LIN, LOX, LAR, LH2, LHe).