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Valves

Ball Valve — Cast / API 608

Floating-ball cast steel ball valve (general process).

Category
Valves
Subcategory
Quarter-Turn
Applicable standards
6
Issuing bodies
3

Description

Floating-ball cast steel ball valve (general process).

Applicable Standards (6)

API — 3 standards

API 608 Metal Ball Valves — Flanged, Threaded and Welding Ends
Edition: 6th Edition (2021) Region: USA, Global
Floating and trunnion-mounted metal ball valves, Class 150–600.
Key requirements (5)
  • Metal ball valves — flanged, threaded, welded ends.
  • Soft-seated (PTFE / RPTFE / PEEK) or metal-seated.
  • Pressure rating per ASME B16.34.
  • Hydrotest per API 598.
  • Floating ball (smaller sizes) or trunnion-mounted (larger sizes).
API 598 Valve Inspection and Testing
Edition: 10th Edition (2016) Region: USA, Global
Inspection, examination, supplementary examinations and pressure-test requirements for valves.
Key requirements (5)
  • Valve inspection and testing — covers the test requirements referenced by other valve standards.
  • Tests: shell (high-pressure water), backseat (where applicable), low-pressure pneumatic seat, high-pressure hydrostatic seat, optional high-pressure pneumatic seat.
  • Allowable leakage: zero for resilient-seated; small allowable rate for metal-seated (Table 6).
  • Test duration: minimum hold times by valve size.
  • Visual examination during pressurization.
API 622 Type Testing of Process Valve Packing for Fugitive Emissions
Edition: 3rd Edition (2018) Region: USA, Global
Type testing of valve stem packing material for fugitive emission performance (low-E packing).
Key requirements (7)
  • Type testing of process valve packing for fugitive emissions.
  • Test temperature: 260 °C (500 °F) typical.
  • Test cycles: 1510 mechanical cycles + 5 thermal cycles.
  • Leakage acceptance: ≤ 100 ppmv methane (or per spec).
  • Materials qualified: graphite, PTFE, flexible-graphite die-formed.
  • Mating shaft surface finish: typically Ra ≤ 0.4 µm (16 µin).
  • Drives selection of low-emission packing for VOC service.

ASME — 1 standard

ASME B16.34 Valves — Flanged, Threaded, and Welding End
Edition: 2020 Edition Region: USA, Global
Pressure-temperature ratings, dimensions, materials, NDE, marking and testing for valves.
Key requirements (7)
  • Pressure–temperature ratings for valves (steel).
  • Pressure classes: 150, 300, 400, 600, 900, 1500, 2500, 4500.
  • Body wall thickness: t = (P·d)/(2·S·E − 1.2·P) + c, plus tabulated minimums.
  • Hydrotest: shell at 1.5 × Class 100 °F rating; seat at 1.1 × Class 100 °F rating.
  • Special class allows 25% above standard rating with stricter NDE (radiography + hardness).
  • Materials per ASME II Part D allowable stress.
  • End connections: threaded, flanged, butt-weld, socket-weld.

ISO — 2 standards

ISO 17292 Metal ball valves for petroleum, petrochemical and allied industries
Edition: 2015 Region: Global
Floating and trunnion-mounted metal ball valves; international counterpart to API 608.
ISO 15848 (series) Industrial valves — Measurement, test and qualification procedures for fugitive emissions
Edition: Parts 1–2, 2015–2017 Region: Global
International fugitive-emission test for industrial valves (Type test and Production test).